[ association of health literacy with self-efficacy and self-care, in type 2 diabetes patients]

Introduction: a low level of health literacy is common among patients with Type 2 diabetes, and may be a barrier to self-efficacy and self-care behaviors. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between health literacy, and self-care and self-efficacy in Patients with Type 2 diabetes

Materials and Methods: a cross- sectional analytical study was conducted in 2017. Participants were type 2 diabetes patients from the rural health clinics in khorramshahr city, of which 121 were selected via random cluster sampling methods. Data collection tools were a health literacy scale [14-items], self-care scale [12 items] and self-efficacy scale [8 items]. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22, and by Pearson's correlation, T-test, ANOVA, and Stepwise Regression analytical statistics

Results: the mean scores of health literacy, self-care and self-efficacy in patients were 2.90 +/- 0.53, 3.39 +/- 1.31 and 6.77 +/- 1.80, respectively. Pearson correlations indicated a positive relationship between health literacy, and both self-care and self-efficacy [P<0.0001 for both]

Conclusion: designing a curriculum for diabetes patients with low health literacy is required, and improving their information and health literacy, through a curriculum and regular training programs in health education centers is recommended

[Relationship of spirituality and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes]

Introduction: Diabetes and its complications have a significant impact on patients' quality of life and spirituality can help improve the quality of life in such patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of spirituality with quality of life in patients with Type 2 diabetes

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlation study. Participants were 145 individuals with type 2 diabetes, patients of rural health clinics and the Valiasr hospital in Khorramshahr city, selected via stratified random and sampling methods. Data collection tools were a version of 29- item of the spiritual questionnaire [Parsian and Dunning] and a version of 26-item of the Quality of Life Questionnaire [World Health Organization], both questionnaires with previously confirmed validity and reliability in numerous studies. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and Pearson's correlation, T-test, ANOVA, Post Hoc and Stepwise Regression analytical statistics

Results: There was a significant positive relationship between spirituality and quality of life [p<0.0001]. The results show a statistically significant relationship between spirituality and quality of life with both education and age

Conclusion: A strong correlation between spirituality and quality of life in patients with type II diabetes, demonstrates the roles and responsibilities of healthcare providers, including physicians, nurses and patients' families in meeting the varied spiritual and religious needs of patients along with their therapeutic management. Focusing on improving spiritual health is also important in education programs for these patients

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure among three groups of occupation

It is believed that occupation influences cardiovascular risk factors. To assess blood pressure [BP] and other cardiovascular risk factors in three occupation groups-teachers, military personnel and female housekeepers residing in Shiraz, southern Iran. We studied 2783 teachers, 366 military personnel, and 1896 female housekeepers who attended various medical education centers in Shiraz. BP, anthropometric parameters as well as fasted lipid profile and blood glucose level were measured determined for each participant. The mean values of all analyzed cardiovascular risk factors were higher among female housekeepers compared to female teachers. The mean systolic and diastolic BP was significantly [<0.001, and P=0.047, respectively] higher in female housekeepers than female teachers. Neither systolic nor diastolic BP had association with the type of occupation in men [military personnel vs. male teachers]. Housekeeping compared to teaching, may increase both systolic and diastolic BP in women

[ study of knowledge, attitude and practice of Yazd restaurant chefs inpreventing cardiovascular diseases risk factors in 2010]

Cardiovascular diseases are a global pandemic and the leading worldwide cause of death and in Iran, Regarding that most people tend toward eating fast foods and processed foods for various reasons, the cooks can play an important role in heart health. We decided, therefore, to study the chefs' knowledge, attitude and performance of chefs especially concerning prevention of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in the city of Yazd. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study performed on 60 restaurant chefs of Yazd in 1389. Data were gathered through a questionnaire including demographic information and questions related to Knowledge and Attitude. Data were then analyzed through SPSS software using statistical tests such as Anova, T-test, Chi square test and Pearson correlation. The mean score of the knowledge of the chefs was 16.6 +/- 4.8; attitude 16.9 +/- 3; and practice was 13.7 +/- 4.2. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude [p=0.027]; attitude and income [P=0.030]; and income and age [P: 0.029]. Also a significant relationship was detected between knowledge and health [P=0.019] and attitude and history of cardiovascular diseases in the family members [P=0.032]. According to the results of the study of the average knowledge and practice as well as the good attitude of the chefs, and the critical role of the chefs in keeping up the cardiovascular condition of the people, improving chefs' information through regular training programs, posters, pamphlets and media is suggested

prevalence of unintended pregnancies and its related demographic factors in hospitals of Yazd city -2008

Unintended pregnancies include unwanted pregnancies at least for one of couples. Totally, 33% [about 75 millions] of pregnancies Worldwide are unintended. Unintended pregnancies are considered a major cause of about 14 million deaths in under-5-years-old children per year. Infectious abortion following unwanted pregnancy is also one of the five major leading causes of maternal mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and demographic related factors of unintended pregnancy in pregnant women referring to hospitals in Yazd city. In this cross-sectional study, 330 pregnant women referring to hospitals of Yazd in September and October 2008 were studied. Data were collected by interview using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data were computerized and analyzed by SPSS 16 software. The prevalence of unwanted pregnancies in the women admitted to hospitals living in Yazd city was 22.9% and in the non-resident women in was 28.9%. There was a significant relationship between unintended pregnancy whait age and educational level of the couples, number of children, economic satisfaction, history of unintended pregnancy and opinion of the husband about family planning methods. Among women who had unwanted pregnancies 41.3% had used the withdrawal method to prevent pregnancy and condoms and pills had been used 20%, 16.3% respectively. According to the logistic regression statistical model, the factors affecting unwanted pregnancies was husband Literacy, number of children and the history of unwanted pregnancies. Due to a high prevalence of unintended pregnancy in this study, further investigations are suggested in this field in eluding revision in family planning programs as well as improving the education of all women especially high risk women about family planning methods and proper use of them and focusing on the participation of men

Neurology in aviation

Background: In terms of primary evaluation, neurological disorders are known to have considerable importance. Materials and methods: This article has been update by searching in databases including: Scopuse, Medline, Embase and Aviation Medicine text books. Results: In this article we aimed to prepare an overview of neurology in aviation using current standard guidelines. These guidelines cover a range of neurological conditions such as: headache, seizures degeneration diseases, and peripheral neuropathy. Also, the role of routine neurophysiologic testing is discussed. Conclusion: As Neurological disorders are classified as one of the most prevalent reasons for disqualification among air-crew members, more research is needed to assess the impacts of decompression on neurological function

Outcomes of surgical treatment in Cicatricial Ectropion

To evaluate the outcomes of surgery for cicatricial ectropion in Labbafinejad hospital, Tehran, Iran. This existing data study was conducted on the hospital records of 84 patients who underwent eyelid surgery because of cicatricial ectropion. Z-plasty was the most frequent method among 9 techniques. Of 92 eyelids, 60 [65%] were completely corrected. The most frequent procedure leading to correction was lateral tarsal strip + skin graft. The results of operations for cicatricial ectropion with skin graft are better than those without skin graft

Foot drop in under training soldiers: report of 42 cases referred to Be'sat hospital between 2003-2000

Foot drop is a state that patient is unable to do dorsiflexion or extension of foot fingers. External pressure is the most important cause of this neuropathy. Among soldiers, following the heavy training, this complication may occur that cause frequent reference of soldiers to military hospitals wasting human force and economic load. Therefore, we decided to evaluate frequency of this disease and find methods to prevent. This study is a descriptive case series that was performed by studing hospital files of 42 patients during the years 2000 to 2003 and the data was analyzed by SPSS-11.5 sofware. Twenty-eight [66.66%] patients had training for one month, 12 patients had [28.57%] between 1-3 month and 2 patients had [4.77%] longer of 3 month. Six cases [14.29%] had complete injury and 36 cases had incomplete injury. Seven cases [16.67%] had complete recovery and 35 cases [83.33%] had incomplete injury and none had paralysis. Changes in NCV was detected but EMG was normal. Trauma following to military training probably due to squatting leads to foot drop